/* ============================================================
   careymanwa.com · token system & global styles
   "Research as a living system."
   ============================================================ */

/* ---------- Freight Sans Pro (body, matches NEUDC / Cornell brand) ---------- */
@font-face {
  font-family: 'Freight Sans Pro';
  src: url('/fonts/FreightSansProBook-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: 'Freight Sans Pro';
  src: url('/fonts/FreightSansProBook-Italic.woff2') format('woff2');
  font-weight: 400;
  font-style: italic;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: 'Freight Sans Pro';
  src: url('/fonts/FreightSansProSemibold-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
  font-weight: 600;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

@font-face {
  font-family: 'Freight Sans Pro';
  src: url('/fonts/FreightSansProBold-Regular.woff2') format('woff2');
  font-weight: 700;
  font-style: normal;
  font-display: swap;
}

/* ---------- tokens ---------- */
:root {
  /* careyokal.com archive palette — burgundy, white, cream */
  --paper: #ffffff;
  --ink: #1a1a1a;
  --muted: #3d3d3d;
  --faint: #5c5c5c;
  --hairline: #eae8e8;
  --accent: #6a1e1e;
  --accent-light: #832d2d;
  --accent-soft: rgba(106, 30, 30, 0.1);
  --surface: #f6efef;
  --hero-wash: #f6efef;
  --on-accent: #ffffff;

  /* type */
  --font-display: 'Newsreader Variable', 'Newsreader', Georgia, 'Times New Roman', serif;
  --font-body: 'Freight Sans Pro', 'Avenir Next', 'Segoe UI', system-ui, sans-serif;
  --font-mono: 'IBM Plex Mono', ui-monospace, 'SF Mono', Menlo, monospace;

  /* scale (1.25 ratio off an 18px base) */
  --text-xs: 0.8125rem;
  --text-sm: 0.9375rem;
  --text-base: 1.25rem;
  --text-md: 1.4375rem;
  --text-lg: 1.75rem;
  --text-xl: 2.1875rem;
  --text-2xl: 2.75rem;
  --text-3xl: clamp(3rem, 8vw, 5.2rem);

  /* rhythm */
  --measure: 68ch;
  --space-1: 0.25rem;
  --space-2: 0.5rem;
  --space-3: 1rem;
  --space-4: 1.5rem;
  --space-5: 2.5rem;
  --space-6: 4rem;
  --space-7: 6.5rem;

  --nav-h: 4.25rem;
}

html.dark {
  color-scheme: dark;
  --paper: #0e0e10;
  --ink: #f6f6f8;
  --muted: #c0c0c8;
  --faint: #a0a0aa;
  --hairline: #2e2e34;
  --accent: #f06a6a;
  --accent-soft: rgba(240, 106, 106, 0.12);
  --surface: #18181c;
}

/* ---------- base ---------- */
*,
*::before,
*::after {
  box-sizing: border-box;
}

html {
  scroll-behavior: smooth;
  -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;
}

/* anchored sections stop below the sticky header */
[id] {
  scroll-margin-top: calc(var(--nav-h) + 1.25rem);
}

body {
  margin: 0;
  background: var(--paper);
  color: var(--ink);
  font-family: var(--font-body);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: 1.72;
  font-feature-settings: 'cv11' 1;
  text-rendering: optimizeLegibility;
  -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;
  transition: background-color 0.25s ease, color 0.25s ease;
}

::selection {
  background: var(--accent);
  color: var(--paper);
}

h1,
h2,
h3,
h4 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.15;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-3);
  text-wrap: balance;
}

h1 { font-size: var(--text-3xl); }
h2 { font-size: var(--text-xl); }
h3 { font-size: var(--text-md); }

p {
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-3);
}

a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: none;
}

p a,
li a,
.link {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 55%, transparent);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
  transition: text-decoration-color 0.15s ease;
}

p a:hover,
li a:hover,
.link:hover {
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
}

img,
svg {
  max-width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

figure {
  margin: var(--space-5) 0;
}

figcaption {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--muted);
  margin-top: var(--space-2);
  line-height: 1.5;
}

code {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.85em;
  background: var(--surface);
  padding: 0.1em 0.35em;
  border-radius: 3px;
}

hr {
  border: none;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  margin: var(--space-6) 0;
}

/* tabular numerals for any data */
.tnum,
table {
  font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums;
}

/* ---------- focus & a11y ---------- */
:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid var(--accent);
  outline-offset: 3px;
  border-radius: 2px;
}

.skip-link {
  position: absolute;
  left: var(--space-3);
  top: -3rem;
  z-index: 100;
  background: var(--ink);
  color: var(--paper);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  transition: top 0.15s ease;
}

.skip-link:focus {
  top: var(--space-3);
}

.visually-hidden {
  position: absolute;
  width: 1px;
  height: 1px;
  padding: 0;
  margin: -1px;
  overflow: hidden;
  clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0);
  white-space: nowrap;
  border: 0;
}

/* ---------- layout grammar ---------- */
.col {
  max-width: var(--measure);
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-4);
}

.wide {
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-4);
}

main {
  min-height: 60vh;
  padding-top: var(--space-4);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-5);
}

main:has(.hero) {
  padding-top: 0;
}

main:has(> .home) {
  padding-bottom: 0;
}

/* eyebrow: mono small caps, the "I'm an engineer" signal */
.eyebrow {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--faint);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
  display: block;
}

.eyebrow .dot {
  color: var(--hairline);
  margin-inline: 0.4em;
}

/* ---------- nav ---------- */
.site-nav {
  position: sticky;
  top: 0;
  z-index: 50;
  height: var(--nav-h);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  background: var(--accent);
  border-bottom: none;
}

.site-nav .inner {
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-4);
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
}

.nav-links {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-5);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  margin-left: auto;
}

.nav-links a {
  position: relative;
  color: var(--on-accent);
  opacity: 0.88;
  transition: color 0.15s ease, opacity 0.15s ease;
  padding: var(--space-1) 0;
}

.nav-links a:hover {
  opacity: 1;
  color: var(--on-accent);
}

.nav-links a::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  bottom: -2px;
  width: 1rem;
  height: 1px;
  background: currentColor;
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  transition: opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.nav-links a[aria-current='page'] {
  opacity: 1;
}

.nav-links a[aria-current='page']::after {
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.nav-brand {
  display: block;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  color: var(--on-accent);
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--text-md);
  font-weight: 600;
  line-height: 1;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.nav-brand:hover {
  opacity: 0.9;
}

/* hamburger: hidden on desktop */
.nav-burger {
  display: none;
  appearance: none;
  background: none;
  border: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--on-accent) 35%, transparent);
  border-radius: 8px;
  width: 2.1rem;
  height: 2.1rem;
  padding: 0;
  cursor: pointer;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  justify-content: center;
  gap: 4px;
}

.nav-burger span {
  display: block;
  width: 1rem;
  height: 1.5px;
  background: var(--on-accent);
  border-radius: 1px;
  transition: transform 0.25s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.2, 1), opacity 0.2s ease;
}

.site-nav.open .nav-burger span:nth-child(1) {
  transform: translateY(5.5px) rotate(45deg);
}
.site-nav.open .nav-burger span:nth-child(2) {
  opacity: 0;
}
.site-nav.open .nav-burger span:nth-child(3) {
  transform: translateY(-5.5px) rotate(-45deg);
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .nav-burger {
    display: flex;
    margin-left: auto;
  }

  .nav-links {
    position: absolute;
    top: var(--nav-h);
    left: 0;
    right: 0;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: stretch;
    gap: 0;
    padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-4) var(--space-3);
    background: var(--accent);
    border-bottom: none;
    display: none;
  }

  .site-nav.open .nav-links { display: flex; }

  .nav-links a {
    padding: var(--space-2) 0 var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
    font-size: var(--text-base);
  }

  .nav-links a[aria-current='page'] {
    border-left: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--on-accent) 40%, transparent);
    padding-left: calc(var(--space-3) - 1px);
  }

  .nav-links a::after {
    content: none;
  }
}

/* ---------- footer ---------- */
.site-footer {
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  padding: var(--space-5) 0;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--muted);
}

.site-footer .inner {
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-4);
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
}

.site-footer a {
  color: var(--muted);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.site-footer a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

/* ---------- editorial entry list (legacy / article pages) ---------- */
.entry-list {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
}

.entry {
  position: relative;
  padding: var(--space-4) 0 var(--space-5);
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.entry:last-child {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.entry .eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.entry h3 {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.entry h3 a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ink);
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.entry h3 a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.entry .abstract {
  color: var(--muted);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: 1.72;
  max-width: 42rem;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

/* entry with a visual: text left, photo right */
.entry--visual {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 14rem;
  gap: var(--space-4) var(--space-6);
  align-items: center;
}

/* leaf-cut photo frame — shared by hero portrait and research visuals */
.photo-frame,
.entry-visual {
  display: block;
  position: relative;
}

.photo-frame::before,
.entry-visual::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  transform: translate(9px, 9px);
  border: 1.5px solid var(--hairline);
  border-radius: 2.6rem 0.5rem 2.6rem 0.5rem;
  pointer-events: none;
  transition: transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.2, 1);
}

.photo-frame img,
.entry-visual img {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  object-fit: cover;
  border-radius: 2.6rem 0.5rem 2.6rem 0.5rem;
  filter: saturate(0.96) contrast(1.02);
  transition: filter 0.35s ease,
    transform 0.35s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.2, 1),
    box-shadow 0.35s ease;
}

.photo-frame--portrait img {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 5;
  object-position: center 12%;
}

.photo-frame--landscape img,
.entry-visual img {
  aspect-ratio: 4 / 3;
}

.photo-frame--hero::before {
  display: none;
}

.photo-frame--hero img {
  box-shadow: 0 22px 52px -26px color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 26%, transparent);
}

/* alternate the sweep direction down the list for rhythm */
.entry-list li:nth-child(even) .entry-visual::before,
.entry-list li:nth-child(even) .entry-visual img {
  border-radius: 0.5rem 2.6rem 0.5rem 2.6rem;
}

.entry--visual:hover .entry-visual img {
  filter: saturate(1.12) contrast(1.04);
  transform: translate(-4px, -4px);
  box-shadow: 0 14px 32px -12px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 38%, transparent);
}

.entry--visual:hover .entry-visual::before {
  transform: translate(13px, 13px);
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .entry--visual {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
  }

  .entry-visual {
    max-width: 20rem;
  }
}

.entry-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
}

.read-more {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.4em;
}

.read-more .arrow {
  display: inline-block;
  transition: transform 0.18s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.3, 1);
}

.read-more:hover .arrow {
  transform: translateX(4px);
}

.read-more--back .arrow {
  transform: rotate(180deg);
}

.read-more--back:hover .arrow {
  transform: rotate(180deg) translateX(-4px);
}

/* ---------- scroll reveals ---------- */
.reveal {
  opacity: 0;
  transform: translateY(14px);
  transition: opacity 0.6s ease, transform 0.6s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.2, 1);
}

.reveal.is-visible {
  opacity: 1;
  transform: none;
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  html { scroll-behavior: auto; }

  .reveal {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: none;
    transition: none;
  }

  .scroll-cue {
    animation: none;
    opacity: 1;
  }

  .scroll-cue__icon {
    animation: none;
  }

  *,
  *::before,
  *::after {
    animation-duration: 0.01ms !important;
    transition-duration: 0.01ms !important;
  }
}

/* ---------- hero ---------- */
.hero {
  position: relative;
  min-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-h));
  min-height: calc(100svh - var(--nav-h));
  display: flex;
  align-items: flex-start;
  justify-content: center;
  padding-top: clamp(var(--space-4), 8vh, var(--space-6));
  padding-bottom: var(--space-4);
  box-sizing: border-box;
  overflow: hidden;
  background:
    radial-gradient(
      ellipse 72% 58% at 90% 40%,
      color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 13%, var(--paper)),
      transparent 60%
    ),
    radial-gradient(
      ellipse 48% 36% at 12% 88%,
      color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 5%, var(--paper)),
      transparent 72%
    ),
    linear-gradient(180deg, var(--paper) 0%, var(--hero-wash) 100%);
}

/* static network — full bleed, faded toward center content */
.hero-network {
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  z-index: 0;
  pointer-events: none;
  overflow: hidden;
  -webkit-mask-image: linear-gradient(
    to right,
    #000 0%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.75) 8%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.35) 16%,
    transparent 30%,
    transparent 70%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.35) 84%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.75) 92%,
    #000 100%
  );
  mask-image: linear-gradient(
    to right,
    #000 0%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.75) 8%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.35) 16%,
    transparent 30%,
    transparent 70%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.35) 84%,
    rgb(0 0 0 / 0.75) 92%,
    #000 100%
  );
}

.hero-network::after {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  inset: 0;
  background:
    linear-gradient(
      to right,
      transparent 18%,
      color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 55%, transparent) 36%,
      var(--paper) 46%,
      var(--paper) 54%,
      color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 55%, transparent) 64%,
      transparent 82%
    ),
    linear-gradient(
      to bottom,
      color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 70%, transparent) 0%,
      transparent 22%,
      transparent 78%,
      color-mix(in srgb, var(--paper) 65%, transparent) 100%
    );
  pointer-events: none;
}

.hero-network img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  min-width: 72rem;
  height: 100%;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center;
  opacity: 0.5;
}

.hero-content {
  position: relative;
  z-index: 1;
  width: 100%;
  max-width: 64rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-4);
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) auto;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  flex: none;
}

.hero-text {
  max-width: 38rem;
}

.hero-eyebrow {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.07em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.hero h1 {
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: clamp(2.4rem, 5.5vw, 3.4rem);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.08;
  letter-spacing: -0.02em;
  color: var(--accent);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  max-width: none;
}

.hero .tagline {
  font-size: var(--text-md);
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--ink);
  max-width: 44ch;
  line-height: 1.5;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.hero-bio {
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: var(--ink);
  line-height: 1.68;
  max-width: none;
  margin-bottom: 0;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.hero .meta-line {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--faint);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  min-height: 1.5em;
}

.hero-fig {
  margin: 0;
  width: clamp(260px, 30vw, 360px);
  justify-self: end;
  position: relative;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.hero-fig .photo-frame {
  width: 100%;
}

/* scroll cue — visible while hero is in view */
.scroll-cue {
  position: absolute;
  left: 50%;
  bottom: clamp(var(--space-4), 5vh, var(--space-5));
  z-index: 2;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.25rem;
  appearance: none;
  border: none;
  background: none;
  padding: var(--space-2) var(--space-3);
  cursor: pointer;
  color: var(--muted);
  font: inherit;
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: 1.3;
  opacity: 0;
  animation: scroll-cue-in 0.5s ease 0.85s forwards;
  transition: opacity 0.35s ease, visibility 0.35s ease;
}

.scroll-cue.scroll-cue--static {
  animation: none;
  opacity: 1;
}

.scroll-cue.is-hidden {
  opacity: 0;
  visibility: hidden;
  pointer-events: none;
}

.scroll-cue__icon {
  display: block;
  color: var(--accent);
  animation: scroll-cue-nudge 1.5s ease-in-out infinite;
}

.scroll-cue:hover,
.scroll-cue:focus-visible {
  color: var(--ink);
}

.scroll-cue:focus-visible {
  outline: 2px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 35%, transparent);
  outline-offset: 4px;
  border-radius: 4px;
}

@keyframes scroll-cue-in {
  from {
    opacity: 0;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(6px);
  }
  to {
    opacity: 1;
    transform: translateX(-50%) translateY(0);
  }
}

@keyframes scroll-cue-nudge {
  0%, 100% { transform: translateY(0); }
  50% { transform: translateY(6px); }
}

.type-prompt {
  color: var(--faint);
  margin-right: 0.5em;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .hero {
    min-height: calc(100vh - var(--nav-h));
    min-height: calc(100svh - var(--nav-h));
    padding-top: var(--space-5);
  }

  .hero-network {
    display: none;
  }

  .hero-content {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-4);
  }

  .hero-text {
    max-width: none;
  }

  .hero-fig {
    width: min(240px, 68vw);
    justify-self: center;
    order: -1;
  }

  .hero h1 {
    font-size: clamp(2rem, 9vw, 2.6rem);
  }

  .scroll-cue {
    display: none;
  }
}

/* hero load sequence */
@keyframes rise {
  from { opacity: 0; transform: translateY(16px); }
  to { opacity: 1; transform: none; }
}

.hero .rise {
  animation: rise 0.7s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.2, 1) both;
}

.hero .rise:nth-child(2) { animation-delay: 0.08s; }
.hero .rise:nth-child(3) { animation-delay: 0.16s; }
.hero .rise:nth-child(4) { animation-delay: 0.24s; }

/* ---------- section headers ---------- */
.section {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
}

#projects {
  position: relative;
  padding-block: var(--space-5);
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

#projects::before {
  content: '';
  position: absolute;
  z-index: -1;
  inset: 0;
  left: 50%;
  width: 100vw;
  transform: translateX(-50%);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--surface) 38%, var(--paper));
  border-top: 1px solid color-mix(in srgb, var(--hairline) 65%, transparent);
}

.home > .hero + .section {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
}

.section-head {
  display: flex;
  align-items: baseline;
  justify-content: space-between;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-3);
}

.section-head .hero-eyebrow,
.section-head .eyebrow {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.section-head .all-link {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--ink);
  opacity: 0.75;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.section-head .all-link:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  opacity: 1;
}

/* ---------- article (Distill grammar) ---------- */
.article-header {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
}

.article-header .abstract {
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: 1.72;
  color: var(--muted);
  max-width: 42rem;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

/* prose: ink headings, quiet markers, links accent on hover only */
.article-body h2 {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
  color: var(--ink);
}

.article-body ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 1.4em;
}

.article-body li {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
  position: relative;
}

.article-body li::before {
  content: '→';
  position: absolute;
  left: -1.4em;
  color: var(--faint);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.85em;
  top: 0.15em;
}

.article-body strong {
  color: var(--ink);
  font-weight: 600;
}

.article-body a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration-color: var(--hairline);
  text-underline-offset: 3px;
}

.article-body a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 55%, transparent);
}

.article-footer {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
  padding-top: 0;
}

.article-links {
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-4);
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
}

/* metadata block: research apparatus, no frame */
.meta-block {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: var(--space-4) 0 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: max-content 1fr;
  align-items: baseline;
  gap: var(--space-2) var(--space-4);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
}

.meta-block dt {
  text-transform: uppercase;
  letter-spacing: 0.1em;
  color: var(--faint);
}

.meta-block dd {
  margin: 0;
}

.meta-block .topic-chips {
  margin: 0;
}

.status-pill {
  display: inline-block;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.08em;
  text-transform: uppercase;
  color: var(--muted);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 3%, var(--surface));
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  padding: 0.2em 0.7em;
  border-radius: 999px;
}

/* completion / status tags — semantic color per state */
.status-pill--active {
  color: #1a6b52;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, #1a6b52 11%, var(--paper));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #1a6b52 28%, var(--hairline));
}

.status-pill--done {
  color: var(--accent);
  background: var(--accent-soft);
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 28%, var(--hairline));
}

.status-pill--draft {
  color: #8a6420;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, #c9a227 14%, var(--paper));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #c9a227 32%, var(--hairline));
}

.status-pill--winner {
  color: #7a5610;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, #f5d76e 30%, var(--paper));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #d4a72c 42%, transparent);
}

html.dark .status-pill--active {
  color: #6fd4ae;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, #1a6b52 22%, var(--surface));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #6fd4ae 22%, var(--hairline));
}

html.dark .status-pill--done {
  color: var(--accent);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 16%, var(--surface));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 30%, var(--hairline));
}

html.dark .status-pill--draft {
  color: #e8c96a;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, #c9a227 16%, var(--surface));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #e8c96a 20%, var(--hairline));
}

html.dark .status-pill--winner {
  color: #f5d76e;
  background: color-mix(in srgb, #d4a72c 18%, var(--surface));
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, #f5d76e 22%, var(--hairline));
}


/* figure / diagram breakout */
.figure-wide {
  max-width: 58rem;
  margin-inline: auto;
  padding-inline: var(--space-4);
}

.diagram {
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
}

.diagram svg {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
}

.diagram text {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
}

/* ---------- CV ---------- */
.cv-section {
  margin-top: var(--space-6);
}

.cv-item {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 9rem 1fr;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: var(--space-3) 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.cv-item .when {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  color: var(--muted);
  letter-spacing: 0.03em;
  padding-top: 0.3rem;
}

.cv-item .what strong {
  font-weight: 600;
}

.cv-item .what .where {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.cv-item .what p {
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: var(--space-1) 0 0;
}

@media (max-width: 560px) {
  .cv-item { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: var(--space-1); }
}

@media print {
  .site-nav,
  .site-footer,
  .no-print {
    display: none !important;
  }

  body {
    background: #fff;
    color: #000;
    font-size: 10.5pt;
  }

  main {
    padding: 0;
  }

  a {
    color: #000;
    text-decoration: none;
  }

  .cv-item {
    break-inside: avoid;
  }
}

/* ---------- teaching page (see teaching.css) ---------- */

.topic-chips {
  list-style: none;
  margin: var(--space-3) 0 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: flex;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
  gap: var(--space-2);
}

.topic-chips li {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--muted);
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  background: var(--surface);
  padding: 0.25em 0.7em;
  border-radius: 999px;
}

/* ---------- contact block ---------- */
.contact-block {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
}


/* ---------- 404 ---------- */
.lost {
  min-height: 55vh;
  display: grid;
  place-content: center;
  text-align: center;
}

.lost .code {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--accent);
  letter-spacing: 0.2em;
}

.lost h1 {
  font-size: var(--text-2xl);
}

.lost__lede {
  color: var(--muted);
}

.section-lede {
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: calc(-1 * var(--space-2)) 0 var(--space-4);
  max-width: none;
}

/* ---------- side projects ----------
   live sites shown as browser windows: chrome bar with the real
   domain and a pulsing LIVE badge. First project is the feature
   and spans the full row; the rest sit in a staggered 2-up grid. */
.project-grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-6) var(--space-5);
}

.project-feature {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

/* gentle stagger down the 2-up rows */
.project-grid li:not(.project-feature):nth-child(odd) {
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
}

.project-card {
  display: block;
  text-decoration: none;
}

/* feature card: window left, meta right */
.project-feature .project-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.45fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: center;
}

/* --- the browser window --- */
.browser {
  position: relative;
  display: block;
  border-radius: 10px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  background: var(--paper);
  box-shadow:
    0 1px 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 5%, transparent),
    0 6px 18px -12px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 9%, transparent);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .browser {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 16%, var(--hairline));
  box-shadow:
    0 4px 10px -6px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 10%, transparent),
    0 14px 28px -18px color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 14%, transparent);
}

.browser-bar {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 2%, var(--paper));
}

.b-dots {
  display: flex;
  gap: 5px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.b-dots i {
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f25f57;
}
.b-dots i:nth-child(2) { background: #fbbc2e; }
.b-dots i:nth-child(3) { background: #2bc63f; }

.b-url {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: var(--faint);
  text-align: center;
}

.b-live {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35em;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: #1d9d3b;
}

.b-live i {
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #2bc63f;
  animation: live-pulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes live-pulse {
  0%, 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(43, 198, 63, 0.55); }
  50% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px rgba(43, 198, 63, 0); }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .b-live i { animation: none; }
}

.browser img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
}

.project-feature .browser img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
}

/* --- meta below (or beside) the window --- */
.project-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  align-items: baseline;
}

.project-feature .project-meta {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.project-index {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--faint);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.project-text {
  display: block;
  min-width: 0;
}

.project-name {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-1);
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.project-feature .project-name {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
}

.project-card:hover .project-name {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.project-name .ext {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7em;
  color: var(--faint);
  vertical-align: 0.15em;
  margin-left: 0.15em;
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .project-name .ext {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.project-desc {
  display: block;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .project-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-5);
  }

  .project-grid li:not(.project-feature):nth-child(odd) {
    margin-top: 0;
  }

  .project-feature .project-card {
    display: block;
  }

  .project-feature .project-meta {
    margin-top: var(--space-3);
  }

  .project-feature .project-name {
    font-size: var(--text-md);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .project-name {
    font-size: var(--text-md);
  }
}

.section-lede {
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: calc(-1 * var(--space-2)) 0 var(--space-4);
  max-width: none;
}

.section > p:not(.section-lede) {
  max-width: 42rem;
  line-height: 1.72;
}

/* homepage lede: spans the full column like the visual entries below it */
/* ---------- pizzazz pass ---------- */

/* hero */
.accent-dot {
  color: var(--accent);
}


/* section eyebrows — burgundy labels like the archive site */
.section-head .eyebrow,
.article-header > .eyebrow,
.section > .eyebrow,
.contact-block > .eyebrow {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.btn {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.5em;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  border: 1px solid var(--ink);
  border-radius: 999px;
  padding: 0.65em 1.4em;
  transition: background-color 0.18s ease, color 0.18s ease,
    border-color 0.18s ease;
}

.btn .arrow {
  transition: transform 0.18s cubic-bezier(0.2, 0.6, 0.3, 1);
}

.btn:hover {
  background: var(--accent);
  border-color: var(--accent);
  color: #ffffff;
}

.btn:hover .arrow {
  transform: translateX(3px);
}
/* homepage research index */

.research-index {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  border-top: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.research-index__item {
  padding: var(--space-5) 0;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.research-index__item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

.research-index__item article {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: 8.5rem minmax(0, 1fr);
  column-gap: var(--space-6);
  row-gap: var(--space-2);
  align-items: start;
}

.research-index__when {
  grid-column: 1;
  grid-row: 1 / span 3;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: 1.5;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: var(--faint);
  padding-top: 0.2rem;
}

.research-index__title {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1;
  margin: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
}

.research-index__title a {
  color: var(--ink);
  text-decoration: none;
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.research-index__title a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.research-index__lede {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 2;
  margin: 0;
  max-width: 48rem;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  line-height: 1.68;
  color: var(--muted);
}

.research-index__lede a {
  color: inherit;
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-decoration-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 35%, var(--hairline));
  text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.research-index__lede a:hover {
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration-color: var(--accent);
}

.research-index__more {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 3;
  margin: var(--space-1) 0 0;
}

.research-index__more a {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  font-weight: 500;
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  color: var(--accent);
  text-decoration: none;
}

.research-index__more a:hover {
  text-decoration: underline;
  text-underline-offset: 0.15em;
}

.research-index__item.reveal:nth-child(2) { transition-delay: 0.05s; }
.research-index__item.reveal:nth-child(3) { transition-delay: 0.1s; }
.research-index__item.reveal:nth-child(4) { transition-delay: 0.15s; }

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .research-index__item {
    padding: var(--space-4) 0;
  }

  .research-index__item article {
    display: flex;
    flex-direction: column;
    align-items: flex-start;
    gap: var(--space-2);
  }

  .research-index__when {
    grid-column: unset;
    grid-row: unset;
    padding-top: 0;
  }

  .research-index__title {
    font-size: var(--text-md);
    grid-column: unset;
    grid-row: unset;
  }

  .research-index__lede {
    grid-column: unset;
    grid-row: unset;
  }

  .research-index__more {
    grid-column: unset;
    grid-row: unset;
  }

  .teaching-section .teaching-index__body {
    grid-column: unset;
    grid-row: unset;
  }

  .research-index__item.reveal:nth-child(n) {
    transition-delay: 0s;
  }
}

.section-lede {
  color: var(--muted);
  margin: calc(-1 * var(--space-2)) 0 var(--space-4);
  max-width: none;
}

/* side projects: browser-window cards */
.project-grid {
  list-style: none;
  margin: 0;
  padding: 0;
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr));
  gap: var(--space-5) var(--space-4);
}

.project-feature {
  grid-column: 1 / -1;
}

.project-grid li:not(.project-feature):nth-child(odd) {
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
}

.project-card {
  display: block;
  text-decoration: none;
}

.project-feature .project-card {
  display: grid;
  grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1.45fr) minmax(0, 1fr);
  gap: var(--space-5);
  align-items: center;
}

.browser {
  display: block;
  border-radius: 10px;
  overflow: hidden;
  border: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  background: var(--paper);
  box-shadow:
    0 1px 2px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 5%, transparent),
    0 6px 18px -12px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 9%, transparent);
  transition: transform 0.25s ease, border-color 0.2s ease, box-shadow 0.25s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .browser {
  transform: translateY(-3px);
  border-color: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 16%, var(--hairline));
  box-shadow:
    0 4px 10px -6px color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 10%, transparent),
    0 14px 28px -18px color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 14%, transparent);
}

.browser-bar {
  display: flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  padding: 0.5rem 0.75rem;
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
  background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--ink) 2%, var(--paper));
}

.b-dots {
  display: flex;
  gap: 5px;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.b-dots i {
  width: 9px;
  height: 9px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #f25f57;
}

.b-dots i:nth-child(2) {
  background: #fbbc2e;
}

.b-dots i:nth-child(3) {
  background: #2bc63f;
}

.b-url {
  flex: 1;
  min-width: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-xs);
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: var(--faint);
  text-align: center;
}

.b-live {
  display: inline-flex;
  align-items: center;
  gap: 0.35em;
  flex-shrink: 0;
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.62rem;
  letter-spacing: 0.14em;
  color: #1d9d3b;
}

.b-live i {
  width: 6px;
  height: 6px;
  border-radius: 50%;
  background: #2bc63f;
  animation: live-pulse 2s ease-in-out infinite;
}

@keyframes live-pulse {
  0%,
  100% {
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(43, 198, 63, 0.55);
  }
  50% {
    box-shadow: 0 0 0 5px rgba(43, 198, 63, 0);
  }
}

@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) {
  .b-live i {
    animation: none;
  }
}

.browser img {
  display: block;
  width: 100%;
  height: auto;
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 10;
  object-fit: cover;
  object-position: center top;
}

.project-feature .browser img {
  aspect-ratio: 16 / 9;
}

.project-meta {
  display: flex;
  gap: var(--space-3);
  margin-top: var(--space-3);
  align-items: baseline;
}

.project-feature .project-meta {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.project-index {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  color: var(--faint);
  letter-spacing: 0.04em;
  flex-shrink: 0;
}

.project-text {
  display: block;
  min-width: 0;
}

.project-name {
  display: block;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
  font-weight: 500;
  line-height: 1.2;
  letter-spacing: -0.015em;
  color: var(--ink);
  margin-bottom: var(--space-1);
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.project-feature .project-name {
  font-size: var(--text-lg);
}

.project-card:hover .project-name {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.project-name .ext {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: 0.7em;
  color: var(--faint);
  vertical-align: 0.15em;
  margin-left: 0.15em;
  transition: color 0.15s ease;
}

.project-card:hover .project-name .ext {
  color: var(--accent);
}

.project-desc {
  display: block;
  font-size: var(--text-base);
  color: var(--muted);
  line-height: 1.6;
}

@media (max-width: 720px) {
  .project-grid {
    grid-template-columns: 1fr;
    gap: var(--space-5);
  }

  .project-grid li:not(.project-feature):nth-child(odd) {
    margin-top: 0;
  }

  .project-feature .project-card {
    display: block;
  }

  .project-feature .project-meta {
    margin-top: var(--space-3);
  }

  .project-feature .project-name {
    font-size: var(--text-md);
  }
}

@media (max-width: 640px) {
  .project-name {
    font-size: var(--text-md);
  }
}
/* research detail pages: keep long titles readable, not billboard-sized */
main > article.wide .article-header h1 {
  font-size: var(--text-xl);
  line-height: 1.22;
  letter-spacing: -0.01em;
  max-width: 42rem;
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

main > article.wide .article-body h2 {
  font-size: var(--text-md);
  margin-top: var(--space-5);
}
/* teaching page */
.teaching-section {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.teaching-section .teaching-index__body {
  grid-column: 2;
  grid-row: 1;
  display: flex;
  flex-direction: column;
  gap: 0;
  min-width: 0;
}

.teaching-section .research-index__meta {
  font-family: var(--font-mono);
  font-size: var(--text-sm);
  line-height: 1.5;
  letter-spacing: 0.02em;
  color: var(--faint);
  margin: 0 0 var(--space-1);
}

.teaching-section .research-index__title {
  line-height: 1.2;
  margin: 0;
  text-wrap: wrap;
}

.teaching-section .research-index__lede {
  margin: 0;
}

.teaching-section .teaching-index__body .topic-chips {
  margin: var(--space-3) 0 0;
  padding-top: var(--space-2);
}

.teaching-section .research-index__item:last-child {
  border-bottom: none;
}

/* research article prose */
.newspaper-open {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-6);
  padding-bottom: var(--space-5);
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.newspaper-open p {
  margin-top: 0;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
}

.newspaper-open p.dropcap {
  text-wrap: pretty;
}

.newspaper-open .dropcap-letter {
  float: left;
  font-family: var(--font-display);
  font-size: 2.45em;
  line-height: 0.84;
  font-weight: 400;
  color: var(--ink);
  padding: 0.02em 0.6rem 0 0;
  margin: 0.06em 0.45rem 0 0;
  border-right: 1px solid var(--hairline);
}

.newspaper-open p:last-child {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

.newspaper-open--compact {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  padding-bottom: 0;
  border-bottom: none;
}

.newspaper-open:has(+ h2) {
  margin-bottom: var(--space-4);
  padding-bottom: 0;
  border-bottom: none;
}

.article-body ul {
  list-style: none;
  padding-left: 1.4em;
}

.article-body ul li {
  position: relative;
  margin-bottom: var(--space-2);
}

.article-body ul li::before {
  content: '–';
  position: absolute;
  left: -1.4em;
  color: var(--faint);
}

.article-body strong {
  font-weight: 600;
}